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Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is an outcome of either extra-articular dysfunction or from intraarticular dysfunction. SI joint dysfunction is sometimes referred to as "sacroiliac joint instability" or "sacroiliac joint insufficiency" due to the support the once strong and taut ligaments can no longer sustain.
The joint is strong, supporting the entire weight of the upper body. It is a synovial plane joint with irregular elevations and depressions that produce interlocking of the two bones. [1] The human body has two sacroiliac joints, one on the left and one on the right, that often match each other but are highly variable from person to person. [1]
[2] The sacrum situates at the upper, back part of the pelvic cavity, between the two wings of the pelvis. It forms joints with four other bones. The two projections at the sides of the sacrum are called the alae (wings), and articulate with the ilium at the L-shaped sacroiliac joints.
The major function of the interosseous sacroiliac ligament is to keep the sacrum and ilium together. [2] This prevents abduction or distraction of the sacroiliac joint. [2] It also helps to bear the weight of the thorax, upper limbs, head, and neck. This is performed by the nearly horizontal direction of the fibers running perpendicular from ...
The posterior sacroiliac ligament is situated in a deep depression between the sacrum and ilium behind; it is strong and forms the chief bond of union between the bones. It consists of numerous fasciculi , which pass between the bones in various directions.
The posterior sacrococcygeal ligament or dorsal sacrococcygeal ligament [1] is a ligament which stretches from the sacrum to the coccyx and thus dorsally across the sacrococcygeal symphysis shared by these two bones. This ligament is divisible in two parts: A short deep part which unites the two bones, and a larger superficial portion which ...
The lower border of the ligament was found to be directly continuous with the tendon of origin of the long head of the biceps femoris in approximately 50% of subjects. [3] biceps femoris could therefore act to stabilise the sacroiliac joint via the sacrotuberous ligament.
Tendons connect muscle to bone whereas ligaments connect bone to bone. [7] Tendons and ligaments play an active role in maintain joint stability and controls the limits of joint movements, once injured tendons and ligaments detrimentally impact motor functions. [2] [8] Continuous exercise or movement of a musculoskeletal injury can result in ...