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Repeated, periodic joint effusions of the knee. Usually one knee is affected but sometimes both knees. Other joints may also be involved along with the knee. Effusions are large, restricting range of motion but significant pain is not a feature. There is usually stiffness. Tenderness of the joint may or may not be present. [1]
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease, also known as pseudogout and pyrophosphate arthropathy, is a rheumatologic disease which is thought to be secondary to abnormal accumulation of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals within joint soft tissues. [1] The knee joint is most commonly affected. [2]
In medicine, Homans' sign (sometimes spelled as Homans sign or called dorsiflexion sign) is considered by some physicians to be a sign of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). It was defined by John Homans in 1941 as discomfort behind the knee upon forced dorsiflexion of the foot. [ 1 ]
A patient recovering from surgery to treat foot drop, with limited plantar and dorsiflexion.. Foot drop is a gait abnormality in which the dropping of the forefoot happens out of weakness, irritation or damage to the deep fibular nerve (deep peroneal), including the sciatic nerve, or paralysis of the muscles in the anterior portion of the lower leg.
Diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis often entails a physical examination, assessment of symptoms and the patient's medical history, but may also involve medical imaging and blood tests. [1] Persistent knee pain, limited morning stiffness and reduced function, crepitus , restricted movement, and bony enlargement appear to be the most useful ...
Osteoarthritis: The cartilage covering bones (articular cartilage) is thinned, eventually completely worn out, resulting in a "bone against bone" joint, resulting in pain and reduced mobility. Osteoarthritis is very common, affects the joints exposed to high stress and is therefore considered the result of "wear and tear" rather than a true ...
Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) is the second most common knee injury, and is caused by inflammation located on the lateral aspect of the knee due to friction between the iliotibial band and the lateral epicondyle of the femur. [2] Pain is felt most commonly on the lateral aspect of the knee and is most intensive at 30 degrees of knee flexion. [2]
[3] [10] The knee joint may exhibit noises such as clicking. [7] However, this has no relation to pain and function. [11] [12] Giving-way of the knee may be reported. [7] Reduced knee flexion may be experienced during activities. [13]