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The Gutian dynasty (Sumerian: 𒄖𒋾𒌝𒆠, gu-ti-um KI) was a line of kings, originating among the Gutian people.Originally thought to be a horde that swept in and brought down Akkadian and Sumerian rule in Mesopotamia, the Gutians are now known to have been in the area for at least a century by then.
The Akkadian Empire (/ ə ˈ k eɪ d i ən /) [2] was an early ancient empire, succeeding the long-lived city-states of Sumer.Centered on the city of Akkad (/ ˈ æ k æ d /) [3] and its surrounding region, the empire united Akkadian and Sumerian speakers under one rule and exercised significant influence across Mesopotamia, the Levant, and Anatolia, sending military expeditions as far south ...
The Akkadians, the East Semitic-speaking people who later conquered the Sumerian city-states, gave Sumer its main historical name, but the phonological development of the term šumerû is uncertain. [17] Hebrew שִׁנְעָר Šinʿar, Egyptian Sngr, and Hittite Šanhar(a), all referring to southern Mesopotamia, could be western variants of ...
The Akkadian kings also introduced some additional honorary royal titles, including Sargon's "King of the Universe" (šar kiššatim) and Naram-Sin's (Sargon's grandson) "King of the Four Corners of the World" (šar kibrāt erbetti). [5] The political union of Sumer and Akkad under the Akkadian Empire, the largest empire that the world had yet ...
The twentieth episode of the second season of Star Trek: The Original Series, "Return to Tomorrow", features an ancient, telepathic alien named Sargon who once ruled a mighty empire. American Rock Group They Might Be Giants refer to Sargon of Akkad in the track "The Mesopotamians" on their 2007 album The Else , along with Hammurabi ...
The history of Sumer spans through the 5th to 3rd millennia BCE in southern Mesopotamia, and is taken to include the prehistoric Ubaid and Uruk periods. Sumer was the region's earliest known civilization and ended with the downfall of the Third Dynasty of Ur around 2004 BCE.
The Sumerian king list suggests that the Guti ruled over Sumer for several generations following the fall of the Akkadian Empire. [ 3 ] By the mid 1st millennium BCE , use of the name "Gutium", by the people of lowland Mesopotamia , was extended to include all foreigners from northwestern Iran , between the Zagros Mountains and the Tigris River .
Ziggurat of Ur. The Renaissance of Sumer is a period of the history of Mesopotamia that includes the years between the fall of the Akkadian Empire and the period of the Amorite dynasties of Isin and Larsa—both with governments of Semitic origin—between the centuries 22nd B.C. and 21st B.C.