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We can be sure this setup gives us the equilibrium levels as neither firm has an incentive to change their level of output as doing so will harm the firm at the benefit of their rival. Now substituting in q ∗ {\displaystyle q^{*}} for q 1 , q 2 {\displaystyle q_{1},q_{2}} and solving we obtain the symmetric (same for each firm) output ...
In dynamic equilibrium, output and the physical capital stock also grow at that same rate, with output per worker and the capital stock per worker unchanging. Similarly, in models of inflation a dynamic equilibrium would involve the price level , the nominal money supply , nominal wage rates , and all other nominal values growing at a single ...
Wire-grid Cobb–Douglas production surface with isoquants A two-input Cobb–Douglas production function with isoquants. In economics and econometrics, the Cobb–Douglas production function is a particular functional form of the production function, widely used to represent the technological relationship between the amounts of two or more inputs (particularly physical capital and labor) and ...
The firm which produces at this output level is said to maximize profits. If the output produced is less than the equilibrium quantity (), as shown in the red part, then is greater than (>), and the profit is not maximized. The firm has in its interest to raise its output level to maximize profits, because the revenue gained will be more than ...
The calculation for the output gap is (Y–Y*)/Y* where Y is actual output and Y* is potential output. If this calculation yields a positive number it is called an inflationary gap and indicates the growth of aggregate demand is outpacing the growth of aggregate supply—possibly creating inflation; if the calculation yields a negative number it is called a recessionary gap—possibly ...
The accuracy of the predictions of each model will vary from industry to industry, depending on the closeness of each model to the industry situation. If capacity and output can be easily changed, Bertrand is generally a better model of duopoly competition. If output and capacity are difficult to adjust, then Cournot is generally a better model.
The follower actually observes this and in equilibrium picks the expected quantity as a response. To calculate the SPNE, the best response functions of the follower must first be calculated (calculation moves 'backwards' because of backward induction). The profit of firm (the follower) is revenue minus cost.
The structure of the input–output model has been incorporated into national accounting in many developed countries, and as such can be used to calculate important measures such as national GDP. Input–output economics has been used to study regional economies within a nation, and as a tool for national and regional economic planning.