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  2. Visual flight rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_flight_rules

    VFR requires a pilot to be able to see outside the cockpit to control the aircraft's altitude, navigate, and avoid obstacles and other aircraft. [3] Governing agencies establish specific requirements for VFR flight, including minimum visibility, and distance from clouds, to ensure that aircraft operating under VFR are visible from enough distance to ensure safety.

  3. Visual meteorological conditions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_meteorological...

    VFR / VMC visibility requirements in the US. In aviation, visual meteorological conditions (VMC) is an aviation flight category in which visual flight rules (VFR) flight is permitted—that is, conditions in which pilots have sufficient visibility to fly the aircraft maintaining visual separation from terrain and other aircraft.

  4. Special visual flight rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_visual_flight_rules

    Flight under SVFR is only allowed in controlled airspace, and always requires clearance from air traffic control (ATC). [4] It usually happens when the aircraft is inside controlled airspace, and the local weather is less than the minimums required for flight under visual flight rules (VFR) within the airspace in question.

  5. VFR over-the-top - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VFR_Over-The-Top

    The Canadian rules specify that an aircraft may be operated in VFR OTT flight during the cruise portion of the flight during the day, at a vertical distance from clouds of at least 1000 feet. When the aircraft is operated between two cloud layers, the vertical distance between the layers must be at least 5000 feet.

  6. List of transponder codes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Transponder_Codes

    Visual flight rules (VFR) flight standard squawk code used in North American airspace when no other has been assigned or is applicable. [7] [3] 1201 US: Assigned via FAR 93.95 for use by VFR aircraft in the immediate vicinity of LAX. [3] US (Visual flight rules (VFR) glider operations for gliders not in contact with ATC, through February 2012 ...

  7. Flight level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_level

    The rule was non-binding upon flights operating under visual flight rules (VFR). Minimum vertical separation between two flights abiding by the UK Quadrantal Rule is 500 ft (note these are in geopotential foot units). The level to be flown is determined by the magnetic track of the aircraft, as follows: [14]

  8. Separation (aeronautics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_(aeronautics)

    There are three sets of flight rules under which an aircraft can be flown: Visual Flight Rules (VFR) Special Visual Flight Rules (SVFR) Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Public transport flights are almost exclusively operated under IFR, as this set of rules allows flight in regions of low visibility (e.g. cloud).

  9. Airfield traffic pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airfield_traffic_pattern

    By using a consistent flight pattern, pilots will know from where to expect other air traffic and be able to see and avoid it. Pilots flying under visual flight rules (VFR) may not be separated by air traffic control, so this consistent predictable pattern is a vital way to keep things orderly. At tower-controlled airports, air traffic control ...