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HSFs are essential in plants’ ability to both sense and respond to stress. [5] The HSFs, which are divided into three families (A, B, and C), encode the expression of heat shock proteins ( HSP ). Past studies have found that transcriptional activators HsfA1 and HsfB1 are the main positive regulators of heat stress response genes in ...
The representation is made on a temperature-relative humidity, instead of a standard psychrometric chart. The comfort zone in blue represents the 90% of acceptability, which means the conditions between -0.5 and +0.5 PMV, or PPD < 10%.
Although tolerant of frosts past −7 °C, mountain pines are typically found in environments with a mean annual temperature of 8.5 °C and an average minimum temperature of −0.8 °C. [ 20 ] [ 17 ] Mountain pine also live in environments that average 2,458 mm (2.458 m) of precipitation a year.
Tender plants are those killed by freezing temperatures, while hardy plants survive freezing—at least down to certain temperatures, depending on the plant. "Half-hardy" is a term used sometimes in horticulture to describe bedding plants which are sown in heat in winter or early spring, and planted outside after all danger of frost has passed.
Growing degrees (GDs) is defined as the number of temperature degrees above a certain threshold base temperature, which varies among crop species. The base temperature is that temperature below which plant growth is zero. GDs are calculated each day as maximum temperature plus the minimum temperature divided by 2, minus the base temperature.
Picea mariana, the black spruce, is a North American species of spruce tree in the pine family. It is widespread across Canada, found in all 10 provinces and all 3 territories . It is the official tree of Newfoundland and Labrador and is that province's most abundant tree.
Pinus ponderosa, commonly known as the ponderosa pine, [3] bull pine, blackjack pine, [4] western yellow-pine, [5] or filipinus pine, [6] is a very large pine tree species of variable habitat native to mountainous regions of western North America. It is the most widely distributed pine species in North America.
Pinus contorta, with the common names lodgepole pine and shore pine, and also known as twisted pine, [3] and contorta pine, [3] is a common tree in western North America. It is common near the ocean shore and in dry montane forests to the subalpine , but is rare in lowland rain forests .