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The voiced alveolar trill is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents dental, alveolar, and postalveolar trills is r , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is r. It is commonly called the rolled R, rolling R, or trilled R.
Standard Spanish rr as in perro, for example, is an alveolar trill. A trill is made by the articulator being held in place and the airstream causing it to vibrate. Usually a trill vibrates for 2–3 contacts, but may be up to 5, or even more if geminate. [1] However, trills may also be produced with only one contact.
Features of the voiceless alveolar trill: Its manner of articulation is trill, which means it is produced by directing air over an articulator so that it vibrates.; Its place of articulation is dental, alveolar or post-alveolar, which means it is articulated behind upper front teeth, at the alveolar ridge or behind the alveolar ridge.
The letters s, t, n, l are frequently called 'alveolar', and the language examples below are all alveolar sounds. (The Extended IPA diacritic was devised for speech pathology and is frequently used to mean "alveolarized", as in the labioalveolar sounds [p͇, b͇, m͇, f͇, v͇] , where the lower lip contacts the alveolar ridge.)
If the alveolar flap is the only rhotic consonant in the language, it may be transcribed with r although that symbol technically represents the trill. The voiced alveolar tapped fricative reported from some languages is actually a very brief voiced alveolar non-sibilant fricative .
Voiced bilabial trill; Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar trills; Voiced epiglottal trill; Voiced retroflex trill; Voiced uvular trill; Voiceless bilabial trill; Voiceless bilabially post-trilled dental stop; Voiceless epiglottal trill; Voiceless retroflex trill; Voiceless uvular trill
The voiced alveolar approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents the alveolar and postalveolar approximants is ɹ , a lowercase letter r rotated 180 degrees. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is r\.
Similarly, a denti-alveolar allophone occurs in languages that have denti-alveolar stops, as in Spanish cinta. Some languages contrast laminal denti-alveolar and apical alveolar nasals. For example, in the Malayalam pronunciation of Nārāyanan, the first n is dental, the second is retroflex, and the third alveolar.