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By the 16th century, Spanish invaders began to raid the region of present-day Chile, and the territory was a colony from 1540 to 1818, when it gained independence from Spain. The country's economic development was successively marked by the export of first agricultural produce, then saltpeter and later copper.
Date Event 1540: December: Pedro de Valdivia takes possession of Chile in the name of the King of Spain. 1541: February 12: Santiago is founded. September 11: Destruction of Santiago. Michimalonco leads a Picunche attack on Santiago, the city is severely damaged but the attack is repelled. 1544: September 4: La Serena is founded by Juan Bohón ...
On 18 September 1810, leaders of the Captaincy General of Chile declared Chile as an autonomous republic within the Spanish monarchy. [1] For the next decade, Chilean forces would battle Spanish troops for independence. In October 1814, Chilean troops lost during the Battle of Rancagua which led to the Reconquista of Chile by Spain from 1814 to ...
The Mapuche people of Chile, whom the Spaniards called Araucanians, resisted fiercely. The Spanish did establish the settlement of Chile in 1541, founded by Pedro de Valdivia. [33] Southward colonization by the Spanish in Chile halted after the conquest of Chiloé Archipelago in 1567.
Possible date for a Cunco-Huilliche migration to Chiloé Island. [7] [8] Chonos were possibly displaced further such to places like Guaitecas Archipelago. [8] 1420: September 1: a 9.4 M S-strong earthquake shakes Chile's Atacama Region causing tsunamis in Chile as well as Hawaii and Japan. [9] [10] 1471–1493: Unknown
The independence wars in Chile (1810–1818) and Peru (1809–1824) had a negative impact on the Chilean wheat industry. Trade was disrupted and armies in Chile pillaged the countryside. The Guerra a muerte phase was particularly destructive and ended only to see a period of outlaw banditry (e.g. Pincheira brothers) occur until the late 1820s. [3]
The import of black slaves into Chile was a response to a long-term population decline among indigenous peoples. Slavery was a legal labour form in Chile from 1536 to 1823 but it was never the dominant way of arranging labour. Slavery of black people bloomed from 1580 to 1660.
The first European to discover Chile was Ferdinand Magellan, in 1520, following the passage in the Strait which bears his name on a wall, at the southern tip of Latin America. Following the conquest of the Aztec Empire by Hernán Cortés between 1518 and 1521, a new wave of territorial expansion occurred in the direction of the Inca Empire from ...