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Compared to the first coordination sphere, the second coordination sphere has a less direct influence on the reactivity and chemical properties of the metal complex. Nonetheless the second coordination sphere is relevant to understanding reactions of the metal complex, including the mechanisms of ligand exchange and catalysis.
The term is mainly used in coordination chemistry. The template effects emphasizes the pre-organization provided by the coordination sphere, although the coordination modifies the electronic properties (acidity, electrophilicity, etc.) of ligands. [1] An early example is the dialkylation of a nickel dithiolate: [2]
Cisplatin, PtCl 2 (NH 3) 2, is a coordination complex of platinum(II) with two chloride and two ammonia ligands.It is one of the most successful anticancer drugs. A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands ...
The nucleophilicity of hydroxo ligands is relevant to the role of some M-OH centers in enzymology. For example, in carbonic anhydrase, a zinc hydroxide binds carbon dioxide: [7] L n M−OH + CO 2 ⇌ L n MO−O−CO 2 H. The oxygen evolving complex (OEC) consists of a Mn-Ca-O-OH cluster that is responsible for the biosynthesis of O 2. It is ...
In coordination chemistry, the ligand cone angle (θ) is a measure of the steric bulk of a ligand in a transition metal coordination complex. It is defined as the solid angle formed with the metal at the vertex of a cone and the outermost edge of the van der Waals spheres of the ligand atoms at the perimeter of the base of the cone.
Coordination Chemistry is the science concerned with the interactions of organic and inorganic ligands with metal centres. It studies the physical and chemical properties, syntheses and structures of coordination compounds .
In coordination chemistry and crystallography, the geometry index or structural parameter (τ) is a number ranging from 0 to 1 that indicates what the geometry of the coordination center is. The first such parameter for 5-coordinate compounds was developed in 1984. [ 1 ]
An example is the conversion of the aquo complex [Co(NH 3) 5 (H 2 O)] 3+ with bromide to give pentamminecobalt(III) bromide complex: [Co(NH 3) 5 (H 2 O)] 3+ + Br − → [Co(NH 3) 5 Br] 2+ + H 2 O. The mechanism of such reactions often invoke ion-pairing of the entering anion in the second coordination sphere followed by dissociation of the ...
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