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Spinosaurus is known to have eaten fish and small to medium terrestrial prey as well. [5] Evidence suggests that it was semiaquatic; how capable it was of swimming has been strongly contested. Spinosaurus's leg bones had osteosclerosis (high bone density), allowing for better buoyancy control.
The temperature increased about three to four degrees very rapidly between 65.4 and 65.2 million years ago, which is very near the time of the extinction event. Not only did the climate temperature increase, but the water temperature decreased, causing a drastic decrease in marine diversity. [266]
Extinct in the 1990s due to habitat destruction and fragmentation. [8] Flat pigtoe: Pleurobema marshalli: Tombigbee River, Mississippi and Alabama Extinct in 1984 due to loss of all habitat through impoundment or channelization. [8] Rio Grande monkeyface: Rotundaria couchiana: Rio Grande Extinct in the early 1900s due to habitat degradation. [8 ...
Phytosaurs are generally regarded as the most basal group of Crurotarsi, a clade of archosaurs that includes crocodilians and their extinct relatives. [ 27 ] [ 28 ] [ 29 ] Phytosaurs are often excluded from a clade called Suchia , which usually encompasses all other crurotarsans, including aetosaurs , rauisuchians , and crocodylomorphs . [ 29 ]
Artist's depiction of the end-Cretaceous impact eventSince the 19th century, a significant amount of research has been conducted on the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, the mass extinction that ended the dinosaur-dominated Mesozoic Era and set the stage for the Age of Mammals, or Cenozoic Era.
Neck reconstructions of Sigilmassasaurus (top) and Baryonyx. The validity of Sigilmassaurus, however, did not go unchallenged shortly after it was named.In 1996, Paul Sereno and colleagues described a Carcharodontosaurus skull (SGM-Din-1) from Morocco, as well as a neck vertebra (SGM-Din-3) which resembled that of "Spinosaurus B," which they therefore synonymized with Carcharodontosaurus. [11]
Stegosauria is a group of herbivorous ornithischian dinosaurs that lived during the Jurassic and early Cretaceous periods.Stegosaurian fossils have been found mostly in the Northern Hemisphere (North America, Europe and Asia), Africa and possibly South America.
Sauropoda (/ s ɔː ˈ r ɒ p ə d ə /), whose members are known as sauropods (/ ˈ s ɔːr ə p ɒ d z /; [1] [2] from sauro-+ -pod, 'lizard-footed'), is a clade of saurischian ('lizard-hipped') dinosaurs. Sauropods had very long necks, long tails, small heads (relative to the rest of their body), and four thick, pillar-like legs.