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Isoelectronicity is a phenomenon observed when two or more molecules have the same structure (positions and connectivities among atoms) and the same electronic configurations, but differ by what specific elements are at certain locations in the structure. For example, CO, NO +, and N 2 are isoelectronic, while CH 3 COCH 3 and CH 3 N = NCH 3 are ...
In drug discovery, either a large series of structural analogs of an initial lead compound are created and tested as part of a structure–activity relationship study [5] or a database is screened for structural analogs of a lead compound. [6] Chemical analogues of illegal drugs are developed and sold in
anon, Guidance for Industry: Container Closure Systems for Packaging Human Drugs and Biologics, May 1999, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Lockhart, H., and Paine, F.A., "Packaging of Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare Products", 2006, Blackie, ISBN 0-7514-0167-6
It could not distinguish between drugs released by manufacturers as opposed to the pharmaceutical industry. It also found that an estimated 250 million pounds of pharmaceuticals and contaminated packaging were discarded by hospitals and long-term care facilities. [12]
By the late 1980s, BFS had been well-established in the packaging industry, especially for packaging pharmaceutical and healthcare products. [14] During the 1980s and 1990s, BFS came into use for the now common small volume unit-dosage forms. [12] Since the early 2000s, BFS has been emerging as the preferred packaging process for parenteral ...
Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is the practice of modifying the composition of the internal atmosphere of a package (commonly food packages, drugs, etc.) in order to improve the shelf life. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The need for this technology for food arises from the short shelf life of food products such as meat, fish, poultry, and dairy in the ...
Bacteria identification and food quality monitoring using biosensors; intelligent, active, and smart food packaging systems; nanoencapsulation of bioactive food compounds are few examples of emerging applications of nanotechnology for the food industry. [2] Nanotechnology can be applied in the production, processing, safety and packaging of food.
In addition to lactic acid bacteria, yeasts also have been reported to have a biopreservation effect due to their antagonistic activities relying on the competition for nutrients, production and tolerance of high concentrations of ethanol, as well as the synthesis of a large class of antimicrobial compounds exhibiting large spectrum of activity against food spoilage microorganisms, but also ...