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  2. Genetic algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_algorithm

    During each successive generation, a portion of the existing population is selected to reproduce for a new generation. Individual solutions are selected through a fitness-based process, where fitter solutions (as measured by a fitness function) are typically more likely to be selected. Certain selection methods rate the fitness of each solution ...

  3. Conway's Game of Life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conway's_Game_of_Life

    The first generation is created by applying the above rules simultaneously to every cell in the seed, live or dead; births and deaths occur simultaneously, and the discrete moment at which this happens is sometimes called a tick. [nb 1] Each generation is a pure function of the preceding one. The rules continue to be applied repeatedly to ...

  4. Evolutionary game theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_game_theory

    This overall process then produces a new generation P(n+1). Each surviving individual now has a new fitness level determined by the game result. 4) The new generation then takes the place of the previous one and the cycle repeats. The population mix may converge to an evolutionarily stable state that cannot be invaded by any mutant strategy.

  5. Population genetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_genetics

    Population genetics is a subfield of genetics that deals with genetic differences within and among populations, and is a part of evolutionary biology.Studies in this branch of biology examine such phenomena as adaptation, speciation, and population structure.

  6. Generator (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generator_(mathematics)

    In mathematics and physics, the term generator or generating set may refer to any of a number of related concepts. The underlying concept in each case is that of a smaller set of objects, together with a set of operations that can be applied to it, that result in the creation of a larger collection of objects, called the generated set .

  7. Coalescent theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalescent_theory

    Coalescent theory is a model of how alleles sampled from a population may have originated from a common ancestor.In the simplest case, coalescent theory assumes no recombination, no natural selection, and no gene flow or population structure, meaning that each variant is equally likely to have been passed from one generation to the next.

  8. NYT ‘Connections’ Hints and Answers Today, Sunday, January 12

    www.aol.com/nyt-connections-hints-answers-today...

    We mean it. Read no further until you really want some clues or you've completely given up and want the answers ASAP. Get ready for all of today's NYT 'Connections’ hints and answers for #581 on ...

  9. Cellular automaton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_automaton

    For example, in a 1-dimensional cellular automaton like the examples below, the neighborhood of a cell x i t is {x i−1 t−1, x i t−1, x i+1 t−1}, where t is the time step (vertical), and i is the index (horizontal) in one generation.