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M-CSF (or CSF-1) is a hematopoietic growth factor that is involved in the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of monocytes, macrophages, and bone marrow progenitor cells. [7] M-CSF affects macrophages and monocytes in several ways, including stimulating increased phagocytic and chemotactic activity, and increased tumour cell ...
Lymphocytic pleocytosis is an abnormal increase in the amount of lymphocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is usually considered to be a sign of infection or inflammation within the nervous system , and is encountered in a number of neurological diseases , such as pseudomigraine, Susac's syndrome, and encephalitis.
Monocytes circulate in the blood and are capable of differentiating into macrophages or dendritic cells, and macrophages are terminally differentiated tissue-resident cells. CSF1R signaling is necessary for differentiation of microglia and Langerhans cells which are derived from yolk sac progenitor cells with high expression of CSF1R. [7]
GM-CSF is a monomeric glycoprotein that functions as a cytokine—it is a white blood cell growth factor. [6] GM-CSF stimulates stem cells to produce granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) and monocytes. Monocytes exit the circulation and migrate into tissue, whereupon they mature into macrophages and dendritic cells.
Interleukin 3 is an interleukin, a type of biological signal that can improve the body's natural response to disease as part of the immune system. [10] In conjunction with other β common chain cytokines GM-CSF and IL-5, IL-3 works to regulate the inflammatory response in order to clear pathogens by changing the abundance of various cell populations via binding at the interleukin-3 receptor.
M-CSF is a cytokine and growth factor that is responsible for the proliferation and commitment of myeloid progenitors into monocytes (which then mature into macrophages). [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Macrophages have a wide variety of functions in the body including phagocytosis of foreign invaders and other cellular debris, releasing cytokines to trigger ...
In monocytes and mainly neutrophils receptor regulates proliferation, maturation and overall survival. [ 6 ] [ 11 ] Kinetics of the receptor in immature and mature myeloid cells in response to GM-CSF is readily regulated by internalization or just by above mentioned degradation and desensitization of β subunit (mainly in the earlier ...
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless body fluid found within the tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord of all vertebrates. CSF is produced by specialized ependymal cells in the choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brain, and absorbed in the arachnoid granulations. In humans, there is about 125 mL of CSF at any one time ...