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The adrenergic receptors or adrenoceptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of many catecholamines like norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) produced by the body, but also many medications like beta blockers, beta-2 (β 2) antagonists and alpha-2 (α 2) agonists, which are used to treat high ...
The alpha-2 (α 2) adrenergic receptor (or adrenoceptor) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) associated with the G i heterotrimeric G-protein. It consists of three highly homologous subtypes, including α 2A-, α 2B-, and α 2C-adrenergic. Some species other than humans express a fourth α 2D-adrenergic receptor as well. [1]
The α 1-adrenergic receptor has several general functions in common with the α 2-adrenergic receptor, but also has specific effects of its own. α 1-receptors primarily mediate smooth muscle contraction, but have important functions elsewhere as well. [3]
Its effects on various tissues depend on the type of tissue and expression of specific forms of adrenergic receptors. For example, high levels of adrenaline cause smooth muscle relaxation in the airways but causes contraction of the smooth muscle that lines most arterioles. Adrenaline is a nonselective agonist of all adrenergic receptors ...
The mechanisms of sympathomimetic drugs can be direct-acting (direct interaction between drug and receptor), such as α-adrenergic agonists, β-adrenergic agonists, and dopaminergic agonists; or indirect-acting (interaction not between drug and receptor), such as MAOIs, COMT inhibitors, release stimulants, and reuptake inhibitors that increase the levels of endogenous catecholamines.
An adrenergic agonist is a drug that stimulates a response from the adrenergic receptors. The five main categories of adrenergic receptors are: α 1 , α 2 , β 1 , β 2 , and β 3 , although there are more subtypes, and agonists vary in specificity between these receptors, and may be classified respectively.
Beta 2-adrenergic agonists, also known as adrenergic β 2 receptor agonists, are a class of drugs that act on the β 2 adrenergic receptor. Like other β adrenergic agonists, they cause smooth muscle relaxation. β 2 adrenergic agonists' effects on smooth muscle cause dilation of bronchial passages, vasodilation in muscle and liver, relaxation ...
Adrenergic means "working on adrenaline (epinephrine) or noradrenaline (norepinephrine)" [1] [2] (or on their receptors). When not further qualified, it is usually used in the sense of enhancing or mimicking the effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine in the body.