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The pyrometric cone is "A pyramid with a triangular base and of a defined shape and size; the "cone" is shaped from a carefully proportioned and uniformly mixed batch of ceramic materials so that when it is heated under stated conditions, it will bend due to softening, the tip of the cone becoming level with the base at a definitive temperature.
The roots of the Orton Ceramic Foundation date back to the establishment of the "Standard Pyrometric Cone Company" in 1896 by Edward J. Orton, Jr. In 1894, he was appointed the first Chairman of the Ceramic Engineering Department at Ohio State University, the first ceramic engineering school in the United States. Orton died in 1932.
The show's title was taken from the constraint on submissions, which must fit within the box in which Orton's pyrometric cones are shipped, 3" x 3" x 6" (approx. 75 mm x 75 mm x 150 mm.) Submissions were adjudicated by up to four members of the ceramics art community in the United States, and exhibited during following year's the conference of ...
Pyrometric devices gauge heatwork (the combined effect of both time and temperature) when firing materials inside a kiln. Pyrometric devices do not measure temperature, but can report temperature equivalents. In principle, a pyrometric device relates the amount of heat work on ware to a measurable shrinkage or deformation of a regular shape.
Orton Jr. graduated from Ohio State University with an Engineer of Mines degree in 1884. [2] From 1884 to 1888, he was chemist and superintendent of blast furnaces. The regular manufacture of high silicon alloy of iron, "ferro-silicon," in the United States was introduced first by him, at the Bessie Furnace, New Straitsville, Ohio, 1887–88.
Heatwork is the combined effect of temperature and time. It is important to several industries: Ceramics; Glass and metal annealing; Metal heat treating; While the concept of heatwork is taught in material science courses it is not a defined measurement or scientific concept.
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On the topic of Pyrometric cones, the article doesn't make it clear why (some) potters prefer them to thermocouples. What can they tell you that thermocouples can't? One other thing, I came across a reference the other day to the use of pyrometric cones made from loess being used by Northern Song potters, 800-years before Seger.