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Ultralight materials are solids with a density of less than 10 mg/cm 3. Ultralight material is defined by its cellular arrangement and its stiffness and strength that make up its solid constituent. They include silica aerogels, carbon nanotube aerogels, aero graphite, metallic foams, polymeric foams, and metallic micro lattices. [1]
The Trabant 601 car body is made of Duroplast [1] Duroplast is a composite thermosetting resin plastic developed by engineer Wolfgang Barthel in 1953 [ 2 ] in the German Democratic Republic . [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Its production method places it in a similar family as Formica and Bakelite .
One material sometimes used to reduce weight for structures that can accept the cost premium is carbon fiber. [9] The auto industry has used the term for many years, as the effort to keep making cars lighter is ongoing. [2] Another common material used for lightweighting is aluminum. [10]
Today, this is known as "the first Marcus car" but would be better described as a cart. His second car, built and run in 1875 according to some sources, was the first gasoline-driven car and is housed at the Vienna Technical Museum. [30] [31] However, the latest research shows that it was not built until 1888/89. [32]
The system when used on cars provided quieter travel, and improved performance because of the body's light weight; but gave little protection in the event of a serious accident, and without care (the materials being prone to rot), a potentially short life. Fabric provided a matt surface and the framework sharp corners.
The General Motors Ultralite was a 1992 low emission vehicle concept car intended to demonstrate the benefits of advanced materials and low fuel consumption.. It was rated at 88 miles per US gallon (2.7 L/100 km; 106 mpg ‑imp) by the EPA, [1] but could achieve 100 miles per US gallon (2.4 L/100 km; 120 mpg ‑imp) at a steady state cruising speed of 50 mph. [2]
When the material is critically heated, the liquid evaporates and the bonded, cross-linked macromolecule frame is left behind. The result of the polymerization and critical heating is the creation of a material that has a porous strong structure classified as aerogel. [14] Variations in synthesis can alter the surface area and pore size of the ...
For the first time Karl Benz publicly drove the car on July 3, 1886, in Mannheim at a top speed of 16 km/h (10 mph). [ 10 ] Benz later made more models of the Motorwagen: model number 2 had 1.1 kW (1.5 hp) engine, and model number 3 had 1.5 kW (2 hp) engine, allowing the vehicle to reach a maximum speed of approximately 16 km/h (10 mph).