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In cognitive psychology, the affect-as-information hypothesis, or 'approach', is a model of evaluative processing, postulating that affective feelings provide a source of information about objects, tasks, and decision alternatives. [1] [2] A goal of this approach is to understand the extent of influence that affect has on cognitive functioning. [1]
Explicit knowledge (also expressive knowledge) [1] is knowledge that can be readily articulated, conceptualized, codified, formalized, stored and accessed. [2] It can be expressed in formal and systematical language and shared in the form of data, scientific formulae, specifications, manuals and such like. [3]
The framing effect is the tendency to draw different conclusions from the same information, depending on how that information is presented. Forms of the framing effect include: Contrast effect , the enhancement or reduction of a certain stimulus's perception when compared with a recently observed, contrasting object.
Some examples of episodic memory include the memory of entering a specific classroom for the first time, the memory of storing your carry-on baggage while boarding a plane, headed to a specific destination on a specific day and time, the memory of being notified that one is being terminated from one's job, or the memory of notifying a ...
The brain's limited information processing capacity [65] Noisy information processing (distortions during storage in and retrieval from memory). [66] For example, a 2012 Psychological Bulletin article suggests that at least eight seemingly unrelated biases can be produced by the same information-theoretic generative mechanism. [66]
Information bias is a cognitive bias to seek information when it does not affect action. An example of information bias is believing that the more information that can be acquired to make a decision, the better, even if that extra information is irrelevant for the decision. [1]
Examples of this include individual wisdom, experience, insight, motor skill, and intuition. [1] An example of "explicit" information that can be recorded, conveyed, and understood by the recipient is the knowledge that London is in the United Kingdom.
Shared information bias (also known as the collective information sampling bias, or common-information bias) is known as the tendency for group members to spend more time and energy discussing information that all members are already familiar with (i.e., shared information), and less time and energy discussing information that only some members are aware of (i.e., unshared information).