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Königsberg (/ ˈ k ɜː n ɪ ɡ z b ɜːr ɡ /, German: [ˈkøːnɪçsbɛʁk] ⓘ; lit. ' King's mountain '; Polish: Królewiec; Lithuanian: Karaliaučius; Baltic Prussian: Kunnegsgarbs; Russian: Кёнигсберг, romanized: Kyónigsberg, IPA: [ˈkʲɵnʲɪɡzbʲɪrk]) is the historic German and Prussian name of the medieval city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia.
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Kaliningrad, Russia. The city was known as Königsberg ( Polish : Królewiec , Lithuanian : Karaliaučius ) prior to 1945 and Twangste prior to 1255.
Construction of Königsberg Castle began in 1255 during the conquest of Samland by the Teutonic Knights, part of the Prussian Crusade.An initial settlement was founded north of the castle (later known as Steindamm) the following year, but this was destroyed by Sambians during the 1262 Siege of Königsberg. [1]
Königsberg's synagogues were burned down during Kristallnacht in 1938. Königsberg's stock exchange, the Börse , was located by the Pregel between the bridges Grüne Brücke and Köttelbrücke. Fort Friedrichsburg existed just west of Vordere Vorstadt from 1657 to 1910.
The history of Poles in Königsberg (Polish: Królewiec) goes back to the 14th century. In the struggles between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order , the city was briefly part of the Polish state, and after the Second Peace of Toruń , 1466, it was considered a part of Poland as a fief held by the Teutonic Order [ 1 ] and the secular ...
Kaliningrad, [a] known as Königsberg [b] until 1946, is the largest city and administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave between Lithuania and Poland, 663 kilometres (412 mi) west of the bulk of Russia on the Pregolya River, at the head of the Vistula Lagoon, and the only ice-free Russian port on the Baltic Sea.
Kneiphof Town Hall (German: Kneiphöfisches Rathaus) was the town hall of insular Kneiphof, first an independent town and later a quarter of Königsberg, Germany. It served as Königsberg's city hall from 1724 to 1927, after which it became a museum until its destruction in 1944. The town hall, or Rathaus, was located along Brodbänkenstraße ...
Regierungsbezirk Königsberg was a Regierungsbezirk, or government region, of the Prussian province of East Prussia from 1815 until 1945. The regional capital was Königsberg (since 1946, Kaliningrad).