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In the laboratory, SiCl 4 can be prepared by treating silicon with chlorine at 600 °C (1,112 °F): [1] Si + 2 Cl 2 → SiCl 4. It was first prepared by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in 1823. [4] Brine can be contaminated with silica when the production of chlorine is a byproduct of a metal refining process from metal chloride ore.
In inorganic chemistry, chlorosilanes are a group of reactive, chlorine-containing chemical compounds, related to silane (SiH 4) and used in many chemical processes. Each such chemical has at least one silicon-chlorine (Si−Cl) bond. Trichlorosilane is produced on the largest scale. The parent chlorosilane is silicon tetrachloride (SiCl 4). [1]
3 SiCl + ROH → (CH 3) 3 Si-O-R + HCl. Silyl ethers are extensively used as protective groups for alcohols. Exploiting the strength of the Si-F bond, fluoride sources such as tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride (TBAF) are used in deprotection of silyl ethers: (CH 3) 3 Si-O-R + F − + H 2 O → (CH 3) 3 Si-F + H-O-R + OH −
Although silicon tetrahalides obey the octet rule, they add Lewis basic ligands to give adducts with the formula SiBr 4 L and SiBr 4 L 2 (where L is a Lewis base). [6] [7] [8] The Lewis acidic properties of the tetrahalides tend to increase as follows: SiI 4 < SiBr 4 < SiCl 4 < SiF 4. This trend is attributed to the relative electronegativities ...
Nanowires based on silicon and manganese can be synthesised from Mn(CO) 5 SiCl 3 forming nanowires based on Mn 19 Si 33. [ 14 ] or grown on a silicon surface [ 15 ] [ 16 ] [ 17 ] MnSi 1.73 was investigated as thermoelectric material [ 18 ] and as an optoelectronic thin film. [ 19 ]
Silicon tetrachloride – SiCl 4; Silver chloride – AgCl; Silver perchlorate – AgClO 4; Sodium chlorate – NaClO 3; Sodium chloride (table salt, rock salt) – NaCl;
Via hydrosilylation, trichlorosilane is a precursor to other useful organosilicon compounds: . RCH=CH 2 + HSiCl 3 → RCH 2 CH 2 SiCl 3. Some useful products of this or similar reactions include octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS), perfluoroctyltrichlorosilane (PFOTCS), and perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (FDTS).
[4] 4 Si 2 Cl 6 → 3 SiCl 4 + Si 5 Cl 12. This conversion is useful in making silicon-based components of use in semiconducting devices including photovoltaic cells. [1] The compound is also useful reagent for the deoxygenation reactions, such as this general process involving a phosphine oxide: 2 Si 2 Cl 6 + OPR 3 → OSi 2 Cl 6 + PR 3