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Thomas Robert Malthus, after whom Malthusianism is named. Malthusianism is a theory that population growth is potentially exponential, according to the Malthusian growth model, while the growth of the food supply or other resources is linear, which eventually reduces living standards to the point of triggering a population decline.
The neo-Malthusian controversy, comprising related debates of many years later, has seen a similar central role assigned to the numbers of children born. [27] The goal of Malthusian theory is to explain how population and food production expand, with the latter experiencing arithmetic growth and the former experiencing exponential growth. [ 28 ]
In the Marxist tradition, Lenin sharply criticized Malthusian theory and its neo-Malthusian version, [45] calling it a "reactionary doctrine" and "an attempt on the part of bourgeois ideologists to exonerate capitalism and to prove the inevitability of privation and misery for the working class under any social system".
Malthusian models have the following form: = where P 0 = P(0) is the initial population size, r = the population growth rate, which Ronald Fisher called the Malthusian parameter of population growth in The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, [2] and Alfred J. Lotka called the intrinsic rate of increase, [3] [4]
Theory of population may refer to: Malthusianism, a theory of population by Thomas Malthus (1766–1834) An Essay on the Principle of Population, the book in which Malthus propounded his theory; Neo-Malthusian theory of Paul R. Ehrlich (born 1932) and others; Theory of demographic transition by Warren Thompson (1887–1973)
The classical economists took the theory of the determinants of the level and growth of population as part of Political Economy. Since then, the theory of population has been seen as part of Demography. In contrast to the Classical theory, the following determinants of the neoclassical theory value are seen as exogenous to neoclassical economics:
Following the death of his father in 1907 he became Secretary of the Malthusian League and served as its President 1912 until 1952 (its demise). In 1914 he met Margaret Sanger who became a strong influence on his views. [3] In both 1921 and 1925 he served as President of the Neo-Malthusian International Conference (London, 1921: New York, 1925).
Graph of human population from 10,000 BC to 2017 AD. It shows the extremely rapid growth in the world population since the eighteenth century. The Population Bomb was written at the suggestion of David Brower, the executive director of the environmentalist Sierra Club, and Ian Ballantine of Ballantine Books following various public appearances Ehrlich had made regarding population issues and ...