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Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) typically occurs when the auditory system experiences an elevation of hearing thresholds due to exposure to high-level noise, a phenomenon known as a temporary threshold shift (TTS), and does not return to normal threshold levels. [6] The damage to the auditory system can vary depending on the type of noise ...
The most significant sources are vehicles, aircraft, prolonged exposure to loud music, and industrial noise. [12] Prolonged exposure to noise at home has been linked to decreased mental health. [13] There are approximately 10,000 deaths per year as a result of noise in the European Union. [14] [15]
The commonly used reference sound exposure in air is [2] = . The proper notations for sound exposure level using this reference are L W/(400 μPa 2 ⋅s) or L W (re 400 μPa 2 ⋅s), but the notations dB SEL, dB(SEL), dBSEL, or dB SEL are very common, even if they are not accepted by the SI.
Occupational noise exposure is the main risk factor for work-related hearing loss. One study examined hearing test results obtained between 2000 and 2008 for workers ages 18–65 who had a higher occupational noise exposure than the average worker. [153] Of the sample taken, 18% of the workers had hearing loss.
Noise may be measured using a sound level meter at the source of the noise. [23] [24] [25] Alternatively, an organization or company may measure a person's exposure to environmental noise in a workplace via a noise dosimeter. [26] The measurements taken using either of these methods will be evaluated according to the standards below.
OSHA's PEL for noise exposure is 90 decibels (dBA) for an 8-hour TWA. Levels of 90-140 dBA are included in the noise dose. [4] PEL can also be expressed as 100 percent “dose” for noise exposure. When the noise exposure increases by 5 dB, the exposure time is cut in half. [5] According to OSHA, a 95dBA TWA would be a 200 percent dose. [6]
Hearing conservation programs [1] are programs that should reduce the risk of hearing loss due to hazardous noise exposure, if implemented correctly and with high quality. . Hearing conservation programs require knowledge about risk factors such as noise and ototoxicity, hearing, hearing loss, protective measures to prevent hearing loss at home, in school, at work, in the military and, and at ...
Temporary hearing loss after loud noise exposure. If such exposure is long enough, this temporary threshold shift may become permanent. [13] Occupational noise, if experienced repeatedly, at high intensity, for an extended period of time, can cause noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) [14] which is then classified as occupational hearing loss.
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