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Basic oxygen steelmaking is a primary steelmaking process for converting molten pig iron into steel by blowing oxygen through a lance over the molten pig iron inside the converter. Exothermic heat is generated by the oxidation reactions during blowing. The basic oxygen steel-making process is as follows:
To reduce the carbon content in pig iron and obtain the desired carbon content of steel, it is re-melted and oxygen is blown through in basic oxygen steelmaking. In this step, the oxygen binds with the undesired carbon, carrying it away in the form of CO 2 gas, an additional emission source. After this step, the carbon content in the pig iron ...
Basic oxygen steelmaking is superior to previous steelmaking methods because the oxygen pumped into the furnace limited impurities, primarily nitrogen, that previously had entered from the air used, [63] and because, with respect to the open hearth process, the same quantity of steel from a BOS process is manufactured in one-twelfth the time. [62]
Oxygen blowing is a method of steelmaking where oxygen is blown through pig iron to lower the carbon content. Oxygen forms oxides with the unwanted elements, such as carbon , silicon , phosphorus , and manganese , which appear from various stages of the manufacturing process.
OBM, in steelmaking "Oxygen Blowing Machine", (also Oxygen-Bottom-Maxhütte, Oxygen-Bodenblas-Metallurgie German), a process in Steelmaking; Oliver Batista Meier, a German professional footballer; Olimpíada Brasileira de Matemática, an annual mathematics competition for Brazilian students.
The ratios can be done in any number of phases to facilitate the reaction. The gases are usually blown through a top lance (oxygen only) and tuyeres in the sides/bottom (oxygen with an inert gas shroud). The stages of blowing remove carbon by the combination of oxygen and carbon forming CO gas. 4 Cr (bath) + 3 O 2 → 2 Cr 2 O 3
Deoxidized steel (Also known as killed steel) is steel that has some or all of the oxygen removed from the melt during the steelmaking process. Liquid steels contain dissolved oxygen after their conversion from molten iron, but the solubility of oxygen in steel decreases with cooling. As steel cools, excess oxygen can cause blowholes or ...
Open-hearth steelmaking had superseded the Bessemer process in UK by 1900, but elsewhere in Europe, especially in Germany, the Bessemer and Thomas processes were used until the late 1960s when they were superseded by basic oxygen steelmaking. The last open-hearth furnace in former East Germany was stopped in 1993. In the US, steel production ...