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  2. X-ray diffraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_diffraction

    The resulting map of the directions of the X-rays far from the sample is called a diffraction pattern. It is different from X-ray crystallography which exploits X-ray diffraction to determine the arrangement of atoms in materials, and also has other components such as ways to map from experimental diffraction measurements to the positions of atoms.

  3. X-ray crystallography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallography

    First X-ray diffraction view of Martian soil – CheMin analysis reveals feldspar, pyroxenes, olivine and more (Curiosity rover at "Rocknest", October 17, 2012). [77] The application of X-ray crystallography to mineralogy began with the structure of garnet, which was determined in 1924 by Menzer.

  4. X-ray scattering techniques - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_scattering_techniques

    Inelastically scattered X-rays have intermediate phases and so in principle are not useful for X-ray crystallography. In practice X-rays with small energy transfers are included with the diffraction spots due to elastic scattering, and X-rays with large energy transfers contribute to the background noise in the diffraction pattern.

  5. Wide-angle X-ray scattering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-angle_X-ray_scattering

    In X-ray crystallography, wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) or wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) is the analysis of Bragg peaks scattered to wide angles, which (by Bragg's law) are caused by sub-nanometer-sized structures. [1] It is an X-ray-diffraction [2] method and commonly used to determine a range of information about crystalline ...

  6. Rietveld refinement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rietveld_refinement

    The method was first implemented in 1967, [1] and reported in 1969 [2] for the diffraction of monochromatic neutrons where the reflection-position is reported in terms of the Bragg angle, 2θ. This terminology will be used here although the technique is equally applicable to alternative scales such as x-ray energy or neutron time-of-flight.

  7. Crystallography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallography

    Crystallographic methods depend mainly on analysis of the diffraction patterns of a sample targeted by a beam of some type. X-rays are most commonly used; other beams used include electrons or neutrons. Crystallographers often explicitly state the type of beam used, as in the terms X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction and electron diffraction ...