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It comprises a spectral atmospheric model with a terrain-following vertical coordinate system coupled to a 4D-Var data assimilation system.In 1997 the IFS became the first operational forecasting system to use 4D-Var. [2] Both ECMWF and Météo-France use the IFS to make operational weather forecasts, but using a different configuration and resolution (the Météo-France configuration is ...
ECMWF aims to provide accurate medium-range global weather forecasts out to 15 days and seasonal forecasts out to 12 months. [11] Its products are provided to the national weather services of its member states and co-operating states as a complement to their national short-range and climatological activities, and those national states use ECMWF's products for their own national duties, in ...
The ECMWF reanalysis project is a meteorological reanalysis project carried out by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The first reanalysis product, ERA-15, generated reanalyses for approximately 15 years, from December 1978 to February 1994.
As the ECMWF's computer model is one of the more highly regarded in the field of forecasting, many scientists take its reanalysis to have similar merit. The data is stored in GRIB format. The reanalysis was done in an effort to improve the accuracy of historical weather maps and aid in a more detailed analysis of various weather systems through ...
The ECMWF model, the Ensemble Prediction System (EPS), [8] uses a combination of singular vectors and an ensemble of data assimilations (EDA) to simulate the initial probability density. [9] The singular vector perturbations are more active in the extra-tropics, while the EDA perturbations are more active in the tropics.
This mathematical model is run four times a day and produces weather forecasts. Along with the NWS's Global Forecast System , which runs out to 16 days, the ECMWF 's Integrated Forecast System (IFS) and the CMC 's Global Environmental Multiscale Model (GEM), both of which run out 10 days, and the UK Met Office 's Unified Model , which runs out ...
A wave model requires as initial conditions information describing the state of the sea. An analysis of the sea or ocean can be created through data assimilation, where observations such as buoy or satellite altimeter measurements are combined with a background guess from a previous forecast or climatology to create the best estimate of the ongoing conditions.
These statistical models are collectively referred to as model output statistics (MOS), [76] and were developed by the National Weather Service for their suite of weather forecasting models by 1976. [77] The United States Air Force developed its own set of MOS based upon their dynamical weather model by 1983. [78]