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The snake emerges from hibernation upon the spring thaw (March or April), and typically mates immediately after. The females, like other garter snakes, give birth to a clutch of 15–80 live young; parturition is typically in July through early October. The newborn snakes are 15–20 cm (6–8 in) in total length. [2]
Soon after feeding, close to the end of summer, the adult snakes return to their dens for winter hibernation. [4] The young snakes, around one-year-old, spend more time in marshy areas to find food before the winter temperatures arrive and hibernate there as their small size makes them unnoticeable to predators. [8]
This is a list of snake species known to be found in the U.S. state of Illinois. [1] Concerns and listed statuses come from the Illinois Endangered Species Protection Board's February 2011 Checklist of endangered and threatened animals and plants of Illinois and the Illinois Natural History Survey's website. [1] [2]
At which temperature do snakes hibernate? In the 60s °F: Snakes will begin moving toward hibernation sites. In the 50s °F and below: Snakes consistently stay in their places in the ground.
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Courtship usually occurs near the communal hibernation site, and polygynous mating systems have been observed. [5] The snake's typical diet consists of earthworms, slugs, and small amphibians, [4] [6] including the larvae of salamanders. [5] It has also been observed eating small mammals and birds, such as bank swallows and eastern meadowlarks. [6]
In the United States: Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, South Dakota, and Iowa are the only states with extant populations of blue racer. The last reliable record of the blue racer on mainland Canada was in Ontario in 1983. On Pelee Island in Ontario, the blue racer is restricted to the eastern two-thirds of the island.