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In 2009, the constitution was quietly amended so that not only did it remove all Marxist–Leninist references present in the first draft, but it also dropped all reference to communism. [3] According to North Korea: A Country Study by Robert L. Worden, Marxism–Leninism was abandoned immediately after the start of de-Stalinisation in the ...
In contrast to reformist social democracy and to Leninism, the central argument of council communism is that democratic workers councils arising in factories and municipalities are the natural form of working class organisation and governmental power.
Karl Radek lamented the proceedings in Italy as the "largest defeat suffered by socialism and communism since the beginning of the period of world revolution", and Zinoviev programmatically announced the similarities between fascism and social democracy, laying the groundwork for the later social fascism theory.
Democratic centralism has primarily been associated with Marxist–Leninist and Trotskyist parties, [2] [3] but has also occasionally been practised by other democratic socialist and social democratic parties such as South Africa's African National Congress. Scholars have disputed whether democratic centralism was implemented in practice in the ...
The discussion of anti-colonial struggle at the 2nd World Congress of the Comintern in 1920 had been formulated in terms of a debate between those for an alliance with the anti-imperialist national bourgeoisie (initially advocated by Vladimir Lenin) and those for a pure class line of socialist, anti-feudal as well as anti-imperialist struggle ...
7 October 1989 () Marxism–Leninism Kádárism: Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy and is now known as the Hungarian Socialist Party Madagascar (1976–1992) Vanguard of the Malagasy Revolution Antokin'ny Revolisiona Malagasy: AREMA Didier Ratsiraka (first) Annick Zoary Ratsiraka (current) 30 November 1976 ()
Late Communism in Global Perspective, 1968 to the Present (2017) excerpt; Pons, Silvio, and Robert Service, eds. A Dictionary of 20th-Century Communism (2010). Priestland, David (2010). The Red Flag: Communism and the Making of the Modern World. Penguin. pp. 5– 7. ISBN 978-0140295207. Service, Robert (2007). Comrades!: A History of World ...