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Less serious side effects include gastrointestinal symptoms, which were found in 33% of patients in the first year of administration, but fell to 3% in following years; arthralgia; and zinc deficiency, with the latter being a problem especially for individuals with diabetes.
These diseases are typically diseases in which chronic blood loss requires frequent blood transfusions, such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemia, though beta thalassemia minor has been associated with hemosiderin deposits in the liver in those with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease independent of any transfusions. [5] [6]
Patients with beta thalassemia minor are usually asymptomatic and are often monitored without treatment. [8] Beta thalassemia minor may coexist with other conditions such as chronic hepatitis B , chronic hepatitis C , non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease that, when combined or co-existing, may cause a person to have ...
There are two approved forms of gene therapy for beta thalassemia. [96] [97] Betibeglogene autotemcel, sold under the brand name Zynteglo, is a gene therapy for the treatment for beta thalassemia which adds a healthy beta-globin gene to the HSCs. [98] It was approved for medical use in the United States in August 2022.
Anemia experienced by some thalassemia intermedia patients are also regarded transfusion dependent. Therefore, most transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients can be diagnosed within the first few years of life, which severe anemia, differed growth, jaundice and hepatosplenomegaly can be observed. Parameters for confirmation includes baseline ...
Luspatercept, sold under the brand name Reblozyl, is a medication used for the treatment of anemia in beta thalassemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. [5] The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication. [8]
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