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Gas in the bladder wall will often have the appearance of cobblestone or a “beaded necklace” with the use of conventional radiography. [7] Delayed diagnosis can lead to a severe infection, extension of the uterus, rupturing of the bladder, and death. Emphysematous cystitis has an overall mortality rate of 7%.
For this reason, CIS will usually not form a tumor. Rather, the lesion is flat (in the skin, cervix, etc.) or follows the existing architecture of the organ (in the breast, lung, etc.). Exceptions include CIS of the colon (polyps), the bladder (preinvasive papillary cancer), or the breast (ductal carcinoma in situ or lobular carcinoma in situ).
Bladder cancer risk rises both with number of cigarettes smoked per day, and with duration of smoking habit. [38] Those who smoke also tend to have an increased risk of treatment failure, metastasis, and death. [40] The risk of developing bladder cancer decreases in those who quit smoking, falling by 30% after five years of smoking abstention. [41]
The bladder is an organ that stores urine until it is released from the body. Several conditions can affect the bladder including urinary tract infections, bladder stones, bladder cancer, overactive bladder, cystitis, interstitial cystitis, abscess, fistula, and urinary incontinence. [4] [5] [1]
Hemorrhagic cystitis or haemorrhagic cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder defined by lower urinary tract symptoms that include dysuria, hematuria, and hemorrhage.The disease can occur as a complication of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and radiation therapy.
Urinary bladder disease includes urinary bladder inflammation such as cystitis, bladder rupture and bladder obstruction (tamponade).Cystitis is common, sometimes referred to as urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by bacteria, bladder rupture occurs when the bladder is overfilled and not emptied while bladder tamponade is a result of blood clot formation near the bladder outlet.
After gaining entry to the bladder, E. Coli are able to attach to the bladder wall and form a biofilm that resists the body's immune response. [7] Escherichia coli is the single most common microorganism, followed by Klebsiella and Proteus spp., to cause urinary tract infection. Klebsiella and Proteus spp., are frequently associated with stone ...
A partial cystectomy involves removal of only a portion of the bladder and is performed for some benign and malignant tumors localized to the bladder. [9] Individuals that may be candidates for partial cystectomy include those with single tumors located near the dome, or top, of the bladder, tumors that do not invade the muscle of the bladder, tumors located within bladder diverticulum, or ...