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Spirogyra (common names include water silk, mermaid's tresses, and blanket weed) is a genus of filamentous charophyte green algae of the order Zygnematales, named for the helical or spiral arrangement of the chloroplasts that is characteristic of the genus. Spirogyra species, of which there are more than 500, are commonly found in freshwater ...
Fragmentation is a very common type of vegetative reproduction in plants. Many trees, shrubs, nonwoody perennials, and ferns form clonal colonies by producing new rooted shoots by rhizomes or stolons, which increases the diameter of the colony. If a rooted shoot becomes detached from the colony, then fragmentation has occurred. There are ...
The Zygnemataceae are cosmopolitan, but though all generally occur in the same types of habitats, Mougeotia, Spirogyra, and Zygnema are by far the most common; in one study across North America, [3] 95% of the Zygnemataceae collected were in these three genera. Classification and identification is primarily by the morphology of the conjugation ...
The body plan of Zygnematophyceae is simple, and the group appears to have gone through a secondary loss of morphological complexity. [8] The most basal members are unicellular, but filamentous species have evolved at least five times, [9] and a few species form colonies. [7]
Oedogonium can reproduce asexually by fragmentation of their filaments, germination of aplanospores and akinetes, and through zoospores. [19] In fragmentation, the filament splits apart and each fragment reproduces to form a fully functioning thallus. Splitting can occur more than once at the same position of the filament.
Spirogyra measures approximately 32–115 μm in width. Each cell contains 2–10 chloroplasts in a ribbon, in contrast to the closely related genus Spirogyra , which has chloroplasts in a coil. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Molecular phylogenetic studies have placed Sirogonium inside a clade consisting of Spirogyra species; in other words, Spirogyra is ...
Chlorophyceae can reproduce both asexually and sexually. Vegetative reproduction usually takes place by fragmentation. Asexual reproduction is by flagellated zoospores. And haplospore, perennation (akinate and palmella stage). Asexual reproduction by mitospore absent in spyrogyra. Also by aplanospores, hypnospores, Palmella stage, etc.
In low nitrogen environments, heterocyst differentiation is triggered by the transcriptional regulator NtcA. NtcA influences heterocyst differentiation by signaling proteins involved in the process of heterocyst differentiation.