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Since New Zealand was the last major landmass to be settled by humans, anthropological changes are easier to study than in countries with a longer human history. A picture of the vegetation cover has been built up through the use of archeological and fossil remains, especially pollen grains from old forests. [1]
Forestry in New Zealand has a history starting with European settlement in the 19th century and is now an industry worth seven percent [citation needed] of annual revenue. Much of the original native forest cover was burnt off and logged, however forests have been extensively planted, predominantly with fast-growing cultivars of the Monterey Pine.
New Zealand has thirteen national parks, forty four marine reserves and many other protected areas for the conservation of biodiversity.The introduction of many invasive species is threatening the indigenous biodiversity, since the geographical isolation of New Zealand led to the evolution of plants and animals that did not have traits to protect against predation.
English: In this paper we afford a quantitative analysis of the sustainability of current world population growth in relation to the parallel deforestation process adopting a statistical point of view. We consider a simplified model based on a stochastic growth process driven by a continuous time random walk, which depicts the technological ...
Deforestation by humans began taking place already in the Bronze Age but reached its peak under British colonial rule, particularly the 16th and 17th century Plantations, that saw mass scale deforestation to create agricultural lands, and to supplement the need for timber for shipbuilding for Britain's early phase of empire building. [92]
New Zealand's forest ecosystems for example are being considered as the second most endangered of the world, with only 7% of the natural habitat remaining. [12] A male brown kiwi. Eighty per cent of New Zealand's biota is endemic. New Zealand's biodiversity exhibits high levels of endemism, both in its flora and fauna.
Sustainable Development Goal 15 (SDG 15 or Global Goal 15) is about "Life on land".One of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations in 2015, the official wording is: "Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss". [1]
The New Zealand Threat Classification System is used by the Department of Conservation to assess conservation priorities of species in New Zealand. [1]The system was developed because the IUCN Red List, a similar conservation status system, had some shortcomings for the unique requirements of conservation ranking in New Zealand.