Ad
related to: chemistry class 12 chapter 1 notes class 10 physics electricity
Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
English chemist John Daniell (left) and physicist Michael Faraday (right), both credited as founders of electrochemistry.. Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry concerned with the relationship between electrical potential difference and identifiable chemical change.
An electric circuit is an interconnection of electric components such that electric charge is made to flow along a closed path (a circuit), usually to perform some useful task. [ 56 ] The components in an electric circuit can take many forms, which can include elements such as resistors , capacitors , switches , transformers and electronics .
The electric field E is defined such that, on a stationary charge: = where q 0 is what is known as a test charge and F is the force on that charge. The size of the charge does not really matter, as long as it is small enough not to influence the electric field by its mere presence.
[21] [22] This is believed to be a unique example in physics of where such a fundamental law is invoked to explain two such different phenomena. [ 23 ] Albert Einstein noticed that the two situations both corresponded to a relative movement between a conductor and a magnet, and the outcome was unaffected by which one was moving.
The quantity of electric charge can be directly measured with an electrometer, or indirectly measured with a ballistic galvanometer. The elementary charge is defined as a fundamental constant in the SI. [7] The value for elementary charge, when expressed in SI units, is exactly 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C. [1]
Continuous charge distribution. The volume charge density ρ is the amount of charge per unit volume (cube), surface charge density σ is amount per unit surface area (circle) with outward unit normal nĚ‚, d is the dipole moment between two point charges, the volume density of these is the polarization density P.
In addition to electricity, fuel cells produce water, heat and, depending on the fuel source, very small amounts of nitrogen dioxide and other emissions. The energy efficiency of a fuel cell is generally between 40 and 60%; however, if waste heat is captured in a cogeneration scheme, efficiencies up to 85% can be obtained.
The electric dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative electrical charges within a system: that is, a measure of the system's overall polarity. The SI unit for electric dipole moment is the coulomb-metre (C⋅m). The debye (D) is another unit of measurement used in atomic physics and chemistry.