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The German term Landschaftsökologie – thus landscape ecology – was coined by German geographer Carl Troll in 1939. [10] He developed this terminology and many early concepts of landscape ecology as part of his early work, which consisted of applying aerial photograph interpretation to studies of interactions between environment and vegetation.
The application of island biogeography theory to habitat fragments spurred the development of the fields of conservation biology and landscape ecology. [24] Classic biogeography has been expanded by the development of molecular systematics, creating a new discipline known as phylogeography.
Biogeography (an amalgamation of biology and geography) is the comparative study of the geographic distribution of organisms and the corresponding evolution of their traits in space and time. [146] The Journal of Biogeography was established in 1974. [147] Biogeography and ecology share many of their disciplinary roots.
Species–area relationships are often graphed for islands (or habitats that are otherwise isolated from one another, such as woodlots in an agricultural landscape) of different sizes. [3] Although larger islands tend to have more species, a smaller island may have more than a larger one.
Here gamma diversity is the total species diversity of a landscape and alpha diversity is the mean species diversity per site. Because the limits among local sites and landscapes are diffuse and to some degree subjective, it has been proposed that gamma diversity can be quantified for any inventory dataset and that alpha and beta diversity can ...
Ecological classification or ecological typology is the classification of land or water into geographical units that represent variation in one or more ecological features. . Traditional approaches focus on geology, topography, biogeography, soils, vegetation, climate conditions, living species, habitats, water resources, and sometimes also anthropic factors.
The unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography (here "Unified Theory" or "UNTB") is a theory and the title of a monograph by ecologist Stephen P. Hubbell. [1] It aims to explain the diversity and relative abundance of species in ecological communities.
Like landscape ecologists, seascape ecologists are interested in the spatially explicit geometry of patterns and the relationships between pattern, ecological processes and environmental change. A central tenet in landscape ecology is that patch context matters, where local conditions are influenced by attributes of the surroundings.