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Jan Czochralski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈjan t͡ʂɔˈxralskʲi]; 23 October 1885 – 22 April 1953) was a Polish chemist who invented the Czochralski method, which is used for growing single crystals and in the production of semiconductor wafers.
The Czochralski method, also Czochralski technique or Czochralski process, is a method of crystal growth used to obtain single crystals of semiconductors (e.g. silicon, germanium and gallium arsenide), metals (e.g. palladium, platinum, silver, gold), salts and synthetic gemstones.
The Czochralski method Wafers are formed of highly pure, [ 6 ] nearly defect-free single crystalline material, with a purity of 99.9999999% ( 9N ) or higher. [ 6 ] One process for forming crystalline wafers is known as the Czochralski method , invented by Polish chemist Jan Czochralski .
In the semiconductor industry synthetic boules can be made by a number of methods, such as the Bridgman technique [2] and the Czochralski process, which result in a cylindrical rod of material. In the Czochralski process a seed crystal is required to create a larger crystal, or ingot. This seed crystal is dipped into the pure molten silicon and ...
Gordon Kidd Teal (January 10, 1907 – January 7, 2003) was an American engineer. He invented a method of applying the Czochralski method to produce extremely pure germanium single crystals used in making greatly improved transistors. [1]
Jan Czochralski is credited with inventing the Czochralski method. Drzewiecki in 1884 built the first submarine with electric battery-powered propulsion. Kazimierz Fajans discovered protactinium in 1913. Hilary Koprowski developed the world's first effective live polio vaccine.
Most true synthetic alexandrite is grown by the Czochralski method, known as “pulling”.Another method is a “floating zone”, developed in 1964 by an Armenian scientist Khachatur Saakovich Bagdasarov, of the Russian (former Soviet) Institute of Crystallography, Moscow.
For a layman English-speaker, it is hard to know how to pronounce this term. I think the article should include some guidance on the pronunciation of "Czochralski". --Westwind273 19:15, 26 March 2013 (UTC)