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Poland was established as a state under the Piast dynasty, which ruled the country between the 10th and 14th centuries. Historical records referring to the Polish state begin with the rule of Duke Mieszko I , whose reign commenced sometime before 963 and continued until his death in 992.
A History of Poland, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 2004, ISBN 0-333-97254-6; Sanford, George. Historical Dictionary of Poland. Scarecrow Press, 2003. 291 pp. Wandycz, Piotr S. "Poland's Place in Europe in the Concepts of Piłsudski and Dmowski," East European Politics & Societies (1990) 4#3 pp 451–468. Wróbel, Piotr.
The country was partitioned in three stages by the Russian Empire, the German Kingdom of Prussia, and the Austrian Habsburg monarchy. By 1795, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth had been completely erased from the map of Europe. Poland and Lithuania were not re-established as independent countries until 1918. [128]
Poland, [d] officially the Republic of Poland, [e] is a country in Central Europe.It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia [f] to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west.
Poland is a member of the European Union, NATO, and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Poland currently has a population of over 38 million people, [3] which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world [18] and one of the most populous members of the European Union.
The Lodka settlement was founded. 1825: December 1: Death of Alexander I of Russia. 1829: 24 May: Coronation of Nicholas I of Russia. 1830: November 29: November Uprising begins. 1831: Russian forces occupied Kraków. 1832: Handelsakademie was founded. 1834: Białystok prevented schools from teaching in the Polish language. 1846: February 19 ...
When the Soviet Union invaded Poland on September 17, 1939, following the terms of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact's secret protocol, Western Byelorussia, which was part of Poland, is included in the BSSR. Similarly to the times of German occupation during World War I, Belarusian language and Soviet culture enjoyed relative prosperity in this ...
The name "Poland" is derived from the most powerful of the tribes — the Polans. Their name, in turn, derives from the word pole — field, and translates as "Men of the fields". [3] It was also used for the eastern Polans, a perhaps unrelated East Slavic tribe that lived in the region of the Dnieper River in Eastern Europe.