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  2. Atrial septal defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_septal_defect

    Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Some flow is a normal condition both pre-birth and immediately post-birth via the foramen ovale ; however, when this does not naturally close after birth it is referred to as a patent (open) foramen ovale (PFO).

  3. Ostium primum atrial septal defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostium_primum_atrial...

    The ostium primum atrial septal defect is a defect in the atrial septum at the level of the tricuspid and mitral valves. This is sometimes known as an endocardial cushion defect because it often involves the endocardial cushion, which is the portion of the heart where the atrial septum meets the ventricular septum and the mitral valve meets the tricuspid valve.

  4. Atrioventricular septal defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrioventricular_septal_defect

    It is a very specific combination of 3 defects: 1) Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), a hole in the wall between the right and left atria; 2) Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), a hole in the wall between the right and left ventricles; and 3) Abnormalities of the mitral and/or tricuspid valves. [1] [2]

  5. Raghib syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raghib_Syndrome

    Lastly, a common aspect of Raghib syndrome is an atrial septal defect. This is when there is a hole in the septum dividing the right and left atriums of the heart. [10] The size of this hole may vary significantly from individual to individual [10] Some may not even notice the symptoms of this defect until they are well into adulthood, if at ...

  6. Trilogy of Fallot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilogy_of_Fallot

    Pulmonary valve defects resulting in tricuspid regurgitation, a common effect of pulmonary stenosis, can cause this increase in muscle mass. [5] Atrial septal defect An atrial septal defect is a hole in the septum that divides the right and left atria (the upper two chambers) of the heart. In the heart of a developing fetus, there are several ...

  7. Septum primum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septum_primum

    Failure of the septum primum to fuse with the endocardial cushion can lead to an ostium primum atrial septal defect. [1] This is the second most common type of atrial septal defect [2] and is commonly seen in Down syndrome. Typically this defect will cause a shunt to occur from the left atrium to the right atrium.

  8. Eisenmenger syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenmenger_syndrome

    Eisenmenger syndrome or Eisenmenger's syndrome is defined as the process in which a long-standing left-to-right cardiac shunt caused by a congenital heart defect (typically by a ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, or less commonly, patent ductus arteriosus) causes pulmonary hypertension [1] [2] and eventual reversal of the shunt into a cyanotic right-to-left shunt.

  9. Congenital heart defect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_heart_defect

    Defects in the interatrial septum or the interventricular septum allow blood to flow from the left side of the heart to the right, reducing the heart's efficiency. [47] Ventricular septal defects are collectively the most common type of CHD, [48] although approximately 30% of adults have a type of atrial septal defect called probe patent ...