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The cout object is of type ostream, which overloads the left bit-shift operator to make it perform an operation completely unrelated to bitwise operations, and notably evaluate to the value of the left argument, allowing multiple operations on the same ostream object, essentially as a different syntax for method cascading, exposing a fluent ...
printf is a C standard library function that formats text and writes it to standard output. The name, printf is short for print formatted where print refers to output to a printer although the functions are not limited to printer output. The standard library provides many other similar functions that form a family of printf-like functions.
All the operators (except typeof) listed exist in C++; the column "Included in C", states whether an operator is also present in C. Note that C does not support operator overloading. When not overloaded, for the operators && , || , and , (the comma operator ), there is a sequence point after the evaluation of the first operand.
printf(string format, items-to-format) It can take one or more arguments, where the first argument is a string to be written. This string can contain special formatting codes which are replaced by items from the remainder of the arguments. For example, an integer can be printed using the "%d" formatting code, e.g.: printf("%d", 42);
main {printf ("hello, world");} In the above example, the main( ) function defines where the program should start executing . The function body consists of a single statement , a call to the printf() function, which stands for " print f ormatted"; it outputs to the console whatever is passed to it as the parameter , in this case the string ...
C++ doesn't have: PROC – first class nested functions (emulation due to local definitions of class types, which could be functors; also, C++11 has lambda functions), OP and PRIO – definable operator symbols and priorities, garbage collection (could be emulated with help of smart pointers), use before define,
The variadic template feature of C++ was designed by Douglas Gregor and Jaakko Järvi [1] [2] and was later standardized in C++11. Prior to C++11, templates (classes and functions) could only take a fixed number of arguments, which had to be specified when a template was first declared.
The C standard library, sometimes referred to as libc, [1] is the standard library for the C programming language, as specified in the ISO C standard. [2] Starting from the original ANSI C standard, it was developed at the same time as the C POSIX library, which is a superset of it. [3]