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Treatments for sinusitis [70] [71] Treatment Indication Rationale Time Viral and some bacterial sinusitis Sinusitis is usually caused by a virus which is not affected by antibiotics. [70] Antibiotics Bacterial sinusitis Cases accompanied by extreme pain, skin infection, or which last a long time may be caused by bacteria. [70] Nasal irrigation
Acute sinusitis lasts a maximum of 12 weeks. The clinical symptoms of acute rhinosinusitis are purulent nasal secretion, nasal obstruction and/or tension headache or feeling of fullness in the facial area. Acute rhinosinusitis can be caused by a viral or bacterial infection – a distinction is not possible during the first days.
[3] [4] This commonly includes nasal obstruction, sore throat, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sinusitis, otitis media, and the common cold. [5]: 28 Most infections are viral in nature, and in other instances, the cause is bacterial. [6] URTIs can also be fungal or helminthic in origin, but these are less common. [7]: 443–445
A sinus infection typically starts out with a viral infection (RSV or rhinovirus, for example), which can cause sneezing, coughing, a runny nose, aches, and a fever, says Goudy.
This medicine does not effectively treat a viral infection like sore throats, influenza, bronchitis, sinusitis and common respiratory tract infections. [15] [16] This is because antibiotics were developed to target features of bacteria that are not present in viruses, and so antibiotics are ineffective as antiviral agents. [17] [18]
Antibiotic therapy is not appropriate for the treatment of RSV-related bronchiolitis or viral pneumonia. [69] Antibiotics target bacterial pathogens, not viral pathogens such as RSV. However, antibiotics may be considered if there is clear evidence that a secondary bacterial infection has developed.