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Renewable fuels are fuels produced from renewable resources. Examples include: biofuels (e.g. Vegetable oil used as fuel, ethanol, methanol from clean energy and carbon dioxide [1] or biomass, and biodiesel), Hydrogen fuel (when produced with renewable processes), and fully synthetic fuel (also known as electrofuel) produced from ambient carbon dioxide and water.
Renewable energy in developing countries is an increasingly used alternative to fossil fuel energy, as these countries scale up their energy supplies and address energy poverty. Renewable energy technology was once seen as unaffordable for developing countries. [ 200 ]
Renewable natural gas plants based on wood can be categorized into two main categories, one being allothermal, which has the energy provided by a source outside of the gasifier. One example is the double-chambered fluidized bed gasifiers consisting of a separate combustion and gasification chambers.
At the moment, renewable energy only accounts for less than 9% of U.S. energy.” The aviation industry could become a significant market for biofuels in the future, said Mohnen.
However, many government policies, such as those by the European Union and the UK, require that biofuels have at least 65% greenhouse gas emissions savings (or 70% if it is renewable fuels of non-biological origins) relative to fossil fuels. [100] [101] The growing demand for biofuels has raised concerns about land use and food security.
Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) Despite their respective flaws, the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (RFS1) and Clean Energy Act of 2007 (RFS2) have been extremely successful in fostering markets for ...
For example, if countries that still use predominantly traditional cookstoves rather than those using renewable energy for cooking were to transition over, it could save energy equivalent to the ...
The EU Renewable Energy Directive requires that the lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions of biofuels consumed be at least 50 percent less than the equivalent emissions from gasoline or diesel by 2017 (and 35 percent less starting in 2011). Also, the feedstocks for biofuels "should not be harvested from lands with high biodiversity value, from ...