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The word lava comes from Italian and is probably derived from the Latin word labes, which means a fall or slide. [2] [3] An early use of the word in connection with extrusion of magma from below the surface is found in a short account of the 1737 eruption of Vesuvius, written by Francesco Serao, who described "a flow of fiery lava" as an analogy to the flow of water and mud down the flanks of ...
Magma that is extruded as lava is extremely dry, but magma at depth and under great pressure can contain a dissolved water content in excess of 10%. Water is somewhat less soluble in low-silica magma than high-silica magma, so that at 1,100 °C and 0.5 GPa , a basaltic magma can dissolve 8% H 2 O while a granite pegmatite magma can dissolve 11% ...
Tardigrades can survive impacts up to about 900 metres per second (3,000 ft/s), and momentary shock pressures up to about 1.14 gigapascals (165,000 psi). [14]
The terms lava stone and lava rock are more used by marketers than geologists, who would likely say "volcanic rock" (because lava is a molten liquid and rock is solid). "Lava stone" may describe anything from a friable silicic pumice to solid mafic flow basalt, and is sometimes used to describe rocks that were never lava , but look as if they ...
Prince Rupert's drops have remained a scientific curiosity for nearly 400 years due to two unusual mechanical properties: [4] when the tail is snipped, the drop disintegrates explosively into powder, whereas the bulbous head can withstand compressive forces of up to 664,300 newtons (67,740 kg f).
How can I see the lava flow on Hawaii Island? Hawaii Volcanoes National Park offers the best views of the lava flow. At night, the lava's glow is "currently visible from many areas and overlooks ...
An ice-marginal lava flow is a lava flow that comes into direct contact with a glacier or the margins of a large ice sheet. As the lava reaches the margins of an ice sheet, the front of the lava flow cools very quickly to form a barrier. Behind this barrier, the lava begins to pool, ceasing the contact between the hot lava and cold ice.
The strongest tornadoes, classified as F5s on the Fujita Scale, can top 300 miles per hour—much more powerful than the winds in even a Category 5 hurricane, which can exceed 155 mph. Still, the ...