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Economics (/ ˌ ɛ k ə ˈ n ɒ m ɪ k s, ˌ iː k ə-/) [1] [2] is a social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. [3] [4] Economics focuses on the behaviour and interactions of economic agents and how economies work.
Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...
Returns are decreasing if, say, doubling inputs results in less than double the output, and increasing if more than double the output. If a mathematical function is used to represent the production function, and if that production function is homogeneous , returns to scale are represented by the degree of homogeneity of the function.
Institutional economics focuses on learning, bounded rationality, and evolution (rather than assuming stable preferences, rationality and equilibrium). It was a central part of American economics in the first part of the 20th century, including such famous but diverse economists as Thorstein Veblen, Wesley Mitchell, and John R. Commons.
Economics classes make extensive use of supply and demand graphs like this one to teach about markets. In this graph, S and D refer to supply and demand and P and Q refer to the price and quantity. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to economics:
Key terms to know. Annual percentage yield. Called the APY, this is the total amount of interest you'll earn on your deposit over one year, including compound interest, expressed as a percentage.
CVS Health's Caremark, Cigna's Express Scripts and UnitedHealth Group's Optum control the majority of the U.S. pharmacy benefit market, with their parent companies also operating health insurance ...
The key, she said, was in their communication. “If someone said something or did something, it didn’t get too big because it was, ‘Can I talk to you?’”