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Gasoline can be released into the Earth's environment as an uncombusted liquid fuel, as a flammable liquid, or as a vapor by way of leakages occurring during its production, handling, transport and delivery. [82] Gasoline contains known carcinogens, [83] [84] [85] and gasoline exhaust is a health risk. [74]
Octane has many structural isomers that differ by the location of branching in the carbon chain. One of these isomers, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (commonly called iso-octane), is used as one of the standard values in the octane rating scale. Octane is a component of gasoline and petroleum.
This list is sorted by boiling point of gases in ascending order, but can be sorted on different values. "sub" and "triple" refer to the sublimation point and the triple point, which are given in the case of a substance that sublimes at 1 atm; "dec" refers to decomposition. "~" means approximately.
Gasoline sold in most countries carries a published octane rating. The octane number is an empirical measure of the resistance of gasoline to combusting prematurely, known as knocking . The higher the octane rating, the more resistant the fuel is to autoignition under high pressures, which allows for a higher compression ratio .
Isopentane is a major component (sometimes 30% or more) of natural gasoline, an analog of common petroleum-derived gasoline that is condensed from natural gas. [4] It has a substantially higher octane rating (RON 93.7) than n-pentane (61.7), and therefore there is interest in conversion from the latter. [9]
Natural gasoline is a liquid hydrocarbon mixture condensed from natural gas, similar to common gasoline (petrol) derived from petroleum. The chemical composition of natural gasoline is mostly five- and six-carbon alkanes ( pentanes and hexanes ) with smaller amounts of alkanes with longer chains. [ 1 ]
Chemical formula. C 3 H 8: Molar mass: 44.097 g·mol −1 ... is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula C 3 H 8. It is a gas at standard temperature and ...
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane, also known as isooctane or iso-octane, is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 3 CCH 2 CH(CH 3) 2.It is one of several isomers of octane (C 8 H 18).This particular isomer is the standard 100 point on the octane rating scale (the zero point is n-heptane).