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Sucre until 2000, replaced by the US dollar and Ecuadorian centavo coins. Ecuador, [ a ] officially the Republic of Ecuador, [ b ] is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 ...
The Spanish conquest of the city in 1534 is the date most frequently cited as the city's official founding, making Quito the oldest capital in South America. Quito's historic center is among the largest and best-preserved in the Americas. [8] In 1978, Quito and Kraków were the first World Cultural Heritage Sites declared by UNESCO. [8]
Uruguay (/ ˈjʊərəɡwaɪ / ⓘ [11] YOOR-ə-gwy, Spanish: [uɾuˈɣwaj] ⓘ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (Spanish: República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the ...
Patagonia (Spanish pronunciation: [pataˈɣonja]) is a geographical region that encompasses the southern end of South America, governed by Argentina and Chile. The region comprises the southern section of the Andes Mountains with lakes, fjords, temperate rainforests, and glaciers in the west and deserts, tablelands, and steppes to the east.
Colombia, [b] officially the Republic of Colombia, [c] is a country primarily located in South America with insular regions in North America.The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east and northeast, Brazil to the southeast, Ecuador and Peru to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest.
Cape Town[a] is the legislative capital of South Africa. It is the country's oldest city and the seat of the Parliament of South Africa. [12] It is the country's second-largest city, after Johannesburg, and the largest in the Western Cape. [13] The city is part of the City of Cape Town metropolitan municipality.
South America has an area of 17,840,000 square kilometers (6,890,000 sq mi). Its population as of 2021 has been estimated at more than 434 million. [1] [2] South America ranks fourth in area (after Asia, Africa, and North America) and fifth in population (after Asia, Africa, Europe, and North America). Brazil is by far the most populous South ...
Suriname (/ ˈsʊərɪnæm, - nɑːm / ⓘ SOOR-ih-NAM, -NAHM, Dutch: [syːriˈnaːmə] ⓘ), officially the Republic of Suriname (Dutch: Republiek Suriname [reːpyˌblik ˌsyːriˈnaːmə]), is a country in northern South America, sometimes considered part of the Caribbean and the West Indies.