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Service definitions, like the OSI model, abstractly describe the functionality provided to a layer N by a layer N−1, where N is one of the seven layers of protocols operating in the local host. At each level N, two entities at the communicating devices (layer N peers) exchange protocol data units (PDUs) by means of a layer N protocol.
Layer Protocol data unit (PDU) Function [3] Host layers 7 Application: Data: High-level protocols such as for resource sharing or remote file access, e.g. HTTP. 6 Presentation: Translation of data between a networking service and an application; including character encoding, data compression and encryption/decryption: 5 Session
This article lists protocols, categorized by the nearest layer in the Open Systems Interconnection model.This list is not exclusive to only the OSI protocol family.Many of these protocols are originally based on the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) and other models and they often do not fit neatly into OSI layers.
The following Internet Experiment Note (IEN) documents describe the evolution of the Internet Protocol into the modern version of IPv4: [6] IEN 2 Comments on Internet Protocol and TCP (August 1977) describes the need to separate the TCP and Internet Protocol functionalities (which were previously combined). It proposes the first version of the ...
The network layer provides the means of transferring variable-length network packets from a source to a destination host via one or more networks. Within the service layering semantics of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) network architecture, the network layer responds to service requests from the transport layer and issues service requests to the data link layer.
The Internet Protocol is the principal component of the internet layer, and it defines two addressing systems to identify network hosts and to locate them on the network. The original address system of the ARPANET and its successor, the Internet, is Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4).
Protocol stack of the OSI model. The protocol stack or network stack is an implementation of a computer networking protocol suite or protocol family.Some of these terms are used interchangeably but strictly speaking, the suite is the definition of the communication protocols, and the stack is the software implementation of them.
In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, packet strictly refers to a protocol data unit at layer 3, the network layer. [2] A data unit at layer 2, the data link layer , is a frame . In layer 4, the transport layer , the data units are segments and datagrams .