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Kaolinite (/ ˈ k eɪ. ə l ə ˌ n aɪ t,-l ɪ-/ KAY-ə-lə-nyte, -lih-; also called kaolin) [5] [6] [7] is a clay mineral, with the chemical composition Al 2 Si 2 O 5 4.It is a layered silicate mineral, with one tetrahedral sheet of silica (SiO 4) linked through oxygen atoms to one octahedral sheet of alumina (AlO 6).
China clay Synonym for kaolin: a raw material for many types of clay body, and is the main clay for porcelain. [6] China stone A pottery stone that was formerly mined in Cornwall in the UK. Traditionally was used at around 25% in bone china bodies. Also known as Cornish stone. [7] Clay A group of hydrous aluminium phyllosilicate minerals.
Metakaolin can be produced from a variety of primary and secondary sources containing kaolinite:Metakaolin is a dehydrated form of kaolinite, a type of clay mineral. Kaolinite-rich minerals are also referred to as china clay or kaolin, which are traditionally utilized in the production of porcelain.
Most ball clays impart colours ranging from buff to cream to off-white when fired in an oxidising atmosphere. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The name "ball clay" is derived from the form of the extracted material when dug by spade as cubes, which then became rounded during subsequent transport, in Dorset and Devon, England during the early days of the industry ...
In 1939 mines near Quincy produced half the U.S. production. [8] In the United Kingdom, fuller's earth occurs mainly in England. It has been mined in the Lower Greensand Group and the Vale of White Horse, Oxfordshire. The Combe Hay Mine was a fuller's earth mine operating to the south of Bath, Somerset, until 1979. [9]
Kaolin is a rock or sedimentary deposit rich in kaolinite and other very similar clay minerals, such as dickite and halloysite which require X-ray analysis for identification, as well as other "impurities". The last sentence of the first paragraph sums it up, but could perhaps be expanded a bit. Vsmith 18:20, 5 August 2011 (UTC)
When hydrated, the clay exhibits a 1 nm spacing of the layers, and when dehydrated (meta-halloysite), the spacing is 0.7 nm. The cation exchange capacity depends on the amount of hydration, as 2H 2 O has 5–10 meq/100 g, while 4H 2 O has 40–50 meq/100g. [8] Endellite is the alternative name for the Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 ·2(H 2 O) structure ...
Though smaller and larger sizes are available, from 15 g (0.53 oz) "guest soap" up to a 10 kg (22 lb) self-slicing block. [7] Marseille soap is frequently used for domestic cleaning, including hand-washing of delicate garments such as those made of wool or silk. In its liquid form it is commonly sold as a hand soap.