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Poland Bureau of War Damages (BOW). Statement on war losses and damages of Poland in 1939–1945. [61] Total Population of ethnic Poles and Polish Jews (only) in 1939 A. 27,007,000: Causes of human losses (% of total) % Direct war operations B. 644,000: 10.7% Murdered in the extermination camps, executions, liquidation of ghettos: 3,577,000: 59.3%
The Invasion of Poland, [e] also known as the September Campaign, [f] Polish Campaign, [g] and Polish Defensive War of 1939 [h] [13] (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of World War II. [14]
The Battle of Westerplatte was the first battle of the German invasion of Poland, marking the start of World War II in Europe. [1] It occurred on the Westerplatte peninsula in the harbour of the Free City of Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland). A small forested island separated from Gdansk by the harbour channel, Westerplatte was established as a ...
The history of Poland from 1939 to 1945 encompasses primarily the period from the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union to the end of World War II.Following the German–Soviet non-aggression pact, Poland was invaded by Nazi Germany on 1 September 1939 and by the Soviet Union on 17 September.
The population in 1939 included about 3.3 million ethnic Germans that were expelled after the war or were German military casualties during the war. Russian demographer Boris Urlanis estimated Czechoslovak war dead of 340,000 persons, 46,000 military and 294,000 civilians. [40]
The 1995 Polish estimate of military dead and missing was 95,000-97,000 and 130,000 wounded in the 1939 campaign, including 17–19,000 killed by the Soviets in the Katyn Massacre [2] A 2000 study by the German Armed Forces Military History Research Office estimated total German military dead at 15,000 in September 1939.
The German economist de:Bruno Gleitze from the German Institute for Economic Research estimated that included in the total of 7.1 million deaths by natural causes that there were 1,2 million excess deaths caused by an increase in mortality due to the harsh conditions in Germany during and after the war [151] In Allied occupied Germany the ...
On September 17, 1939, the Soviet Union declared all pacts with Poland null and void as the Polish state had ceased to exist, and the Soviets joined Nazi Germany in the occupation of Poland. [ 3 ] : 83 The forces of the 6th Red Army of the Ukrainian Front , under Filipp Golikov , crossed the border just east of Lwów and started a quick march ...