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A compartment space is anatomically determined by an unyielding fascial (and osseous) enclosure of the muscles.The anterior compartment syndrome of the lower leg (often referred to simply as anterior compartment syndrome), can affect any and all four muscles of that compartment: tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and peroneus tertius.
The thickness of the fascia can give problems when any inflammation present in the leg has little room to expand into. Blood vessels and nerves can also be affected by the pressure caused by any swelling in the leg. If the pressure becomes great enough, blood flow to the muscle can be blocked, leading to a condition known as compartment ...
The most common cause of compartment syndrome in children is traumatic injury. [77] In children <10 years of age, the cause is usually vascular injury or infection. [78] In children >14 years of age, the cause is usually due to trauma or surgical positioning. [78] Treatment for compartment syndrome in children is the same as adults. [72]
Crush syndrome may also cause reperfusion injury when blood flow to decompressed muscle is suddenly restored. [10] The swollen, inflamed muscle may directly compress structures in the same fascial compartment, causing compartment syndrome. The swelling may also further compromise blood supply into the area.
In 1879, the syndrome was first described in a 64 years old male by Anderson Stuart, a medical student. [1] In 1959, Hamming and Vink first described the management of the PAES in a 12-year-old patient. The patient was treated with myotomy of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle and concomitant endarterectomy of the popliteal artery ...
Because of its similarities to deep vein thrombosis (DVT), May–Thurner syndrome is rarely diagnosed amongst the general population. In this condition, the right iliac artery sequesters and compresses the left common iliac vein against the lumbar section of the spine, [5] resulting in swelling of the legs and ankles, pain, tingling, and/or numbness in the legs and feet. [6]
A loss of range of motion from swelling will also be seen in the affected limb. Along with muscle strength weakness associated with the muscles involved from loss of filament interaction. [15] Compartment syndrome in muscle. Dehydration is a common risk factor for exertional rhabdomyolysis because it causes a reduction of plasma volume during ...
One of the hallmarks of Grave's disease is pretibial myxedema, myxedema of the lower limb. [2] Myxedema is more common in women than in men. [3] Myxedema can occur in: Hyperthyroidism, associated with pretibial myxedema and exophthalmos. Pretibial myxedema can occur in 1–4% of patients with Graves' disease, a cause of hyperthyroidism. [4]