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The book traces the origins of the idea of individual differences in general mental ability to 19th century researchers Herbert Spencer and Francis Galton. Charles Spearman is credited for inventing factor analysis in the early 20th century, which enabled statistical testing of the hypothesis that general mental ability is required in all mental efforts.
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... General Intelligence and Its Implications; The g Factor: The Science of Mental Ability; Geniocracy; H.
They also described Carroll's book as "a much-needed Rosetta stone" for future human intelligence researchers. [8] Arthur Jensen referred to the book as Carroll's "crowning achievement" and "a truly monumental work. It was a fulfillment of something that most of us would agree needed to be done, but it seemed too vast an undertaking to imagine ...
The g factor [a] is a construct developed in psychometric investigations of cognitive abilities and human intelligence.It is a variable that summarizes positive correlations among different cognitive tasks, reflecting the assertion that an individual's performance on one type of cognitive task tends to be comparable to that person's performance on other kinds of cognitive tasks.
Quantitative reasoning (Gq): the ability to comprehend quantitative concepts and relationships and to manipulate numerical symbols. Reading & writing ability (Grw): includes basic reading and writing skills. Short-term memory (Gsm): is the ability to apprehend and hold information in immediate awareness and then use it within a few seconds.
The three-stratum theory is a theory of cognitive ability proposed by the American psychologist John Carroll in 1993. [1] [2] It is based on a factor-analytic study of the correlation of individual-difference variables from data such as psychological tests, school marks and competence ratings from more than 460 datasets.
Most measures of g in humans, including most IQ tests, rely heavily on language and verbal ability, and so they cannot be directly applied to non-human animals. Several alternative measures have been developed to study intelligence in animals, relying on the observation of animals in natural situations or on behavioral tasks in experimental settings.
Spearman believed that these correlations could be attributed to a general mental ability or process that is utilized across all cognitive tasks. Spearman labeled this general mental ability as the g factor, and believed g could represent an individual's overall cognitive functioning. The presence of this g factor across different cognitive ...