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France's independent court system enjoys special statutory protection from the executive branch. Procedures for the appointment, promotion, and removal of judges vary depending on whether it is for the ordinary ("judiciaire") or the administrative stream. Judicial appointments in the judicial stream must be approved by a special panel, the High ...
The French judiciary courts (French: ordre judiciaire), also known as "ordinary courts", are one of two main divisions of the dual jurisdictional system in France, the other division being the administrative courts (French: ordre administratif). [1] Ordinary courts have jurisdiction over two branches of law:
The Government of France consists of an executive branch (President of the Republic, prime minister, ministers and their services and affiliated organisations); a legislative branch (both houses of Parliament); and a judicial branch. The judicial branch does not constitute a single hierarchy: Administrative courts fall under the Council of State,
French law provides for a separate judicial branch with an independent judiciary which does not answer to or is directly controlled by the other two branches of government. [40] France has a civil law legal system, the basis of which is codified law; however, case law plays a significant role in the determination of the courts.
The Palais-Royal in Paris, home of the Conseil d'État. The Council of State originates from the 13th century, by which time the King's Court (Curia regis) had split into three sections, one of which was the King's Council (Curia in consilium, later Conseil du roi), which too broke up into three distinct parts: the Conseil secret 'Privy Council', the Conseil privé 'Private Council', and ...
Unlike common law countries and many civil law countries, French prosecutors are members of the judicial branch. [42] Issuing arrest warrants or formally questioning the accused or witnesses must receive judicial approval, [47] but decisions on searches and phone-tapping are often delegated to the police because of limited judicial resources. [42]
Appointed by the Chief Executive on nomination of the Independent Judicial Officers Recommendation Commission. Court of Final Appeal (de jure, Hong Kong) Appointed by the Chief Executive on nomination of the Judicial Officers Recommendation Commission and with the approval of the Legislative Council: 70 Colombia: Constitutional Court of Colombia: 9
The building of the Court of Cassation. The prosecution, or parquet général, is headed by the Chief Prosecutor (procureur général). [c] The Chief Prosecutor is a judicial officer, but does not prosecute cases; instead, his function is to advise the Court on how to proceed, analogous to the Commissioner-in-Council's [d] role within the Conseil d'État (lit.