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Gastric acid. Gastric acid or stomach acid is the acidic component – hydrochloric acid of gastric juice, produced by parietal cells in the gastric glands of the stomach lining. With a pH of between one and three, gastric acid plays a key role in the digestion of proteins by activating digestive enzymes, which together break down the long ...
An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion, or an upset stomach. [1] Some antacids have been used in the treatment of constipation and diarrhea. [2] Marketed antacids contain salts of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, or sodium. [2] Some preparations contain a combination of two salts ...
The bicarbonate buffer system plays a vital role in other tissues as well. In the human stomach and duodenum, the bicarbonate buffer system serves to both neutralize gastric acid and stabilize the intracellular pH of epithelial cells via the secretion of bicarbonate ion into the gastric mucosa. [1]
Proton-pump inhibitor. Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a class of medications that cause a profound and prolonged reduction of stomach acid production. They do so by irreversibly inhibiting the stomach's H + /K + ATPase proton pump. [1] Proton-pump inhibitors have largely superseded the H 2 -receptor antagonists, a group of medications with ...
These are designed to neutralize excess gastric acid in the stomach that may be causing discomfort in the stomach or lower esophagus. This can also be remedied by the ingestion of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3). Sodium bicarbonate is also commonly used to neutralise acid spills in laboratories, as well as acid burns.
The enzymes that are secreted in the stomach are gastric enzymes. The stomach plays a major role in digestion, both in a mechanical sense by mixing and crushing the food, and also in an enzymatic sense, by digesting it. The following are enzymes produced by the stomach and their respective function: Pepsin is the main gastric enzyme.