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  2. Memory effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_effect

    Memory effect. Memory effect, also known as battery effect, lazy battery effect, or battery memory, is an effect observed in nickel-cadmium rechargeable batteries that causes them to hold less charge. [1][2] It describes the situation in which nickel-cadmium batteries gradually lose their maximum energy capacity if they are repeatedly recharged ...

  3. Battery leakage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_leakage

    Battery leakage. A nickel–cadmium Varta barrel battery that has leaked onto the mainboard of a Korg Poly-61, causing massive corrosion to circuit board traces and legs of integrated circuits. Battery leakage is the escape of chemicals, such as electrolytes, within an electric battery due to generation of pathways to the outside environment ...

  4. Nickel–metal hydride battery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel–metal_hydride_battery

    Nominal cell voltage. 1.2 V. A nickel–metal hydride battery (NiMH or Ni–MH) is a type of rechargeable battery. The chemical reaction at the positive electrode is similar to that of the nickel-cadmium cell (NiCd), with both using nickel oxide hydroxide (NiOOH). However, the negative electrodes use a hydrogen-absorbing alloy instead of cadmium.

  5. Capacity loss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacity_loss

    Capacity loss or capacity fading is a phenomenon observed in rechargeable battery usage where the amount of charge a battery can deliver at the rated voltage decreases with use. [1] [2] In 2003 it was reported the typical range of capacity loss in lithium-ion batteries after 500 charging and discharging cycles varied from 12.4% to 24.1%, giving ...

  6. Peukert's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peukert's_law

    Peukert's law becomes a key issue in a battery electric vehicle, where batteries rated, for example, at a 20-hour discharge time are used at a much shorter discharge time of about 1 hour. At high load currents the internal resistance of a real battery dissipates significant power, reducing the power (watts) available to the load in addition to ...

  7. Self-discharge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-discharge

    Self-discharge is a chemical reaction, just as closed-circuit discharge is, and tends to occur more quickly at higher temperatures. Storing batteries at lower temperatures thus reduces the rate of self-discharge and preserves the initial energy stored in the battery. Self-discharge is also thought to be reduced as a passivation layer develops ...

  8. Lithium-ion battery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-ion_battery

    A lithium-ion or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery that uses the reversible intercalation of Li + ions into electronically conducting solids to store energy. In comparison with other commercial rechargeable batteries, Li-ion batteries are characterized by higher specific energy, higher energy density, higher energy efficiency, a longer cycle life, and a longer calendar life.

  9. Sodium-ion battery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium-ion_battery

    3.0-3.1 V. Sodium-ion batteries (NIBs, SIBs, or Na-ion batteries) are several types of rechargeable batteries, which use sodium ions (Na +) as their charge carriers. In some cases, its working principle and cell construction are similar to those of lithium-ion battery (LIB) types, but it replaces lithium with sodium as the intercalating ion.